Steam-boiler and furnace



(No Modei'.)

W. S. POST & H. DE W. SAWYER.

STEAM BOILER AND FURNACE. No. 351,338. Patented Oct. 19, 1886.

Fr 1 f m Q 6 Q 5 6/ Zw4 WM UNITED STATES PATENT EErcE.

WILLIAM S. POST, OF BOSTON,AND HOWARD DE WV. SAWVYER, OF REVERE,

MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE COMPLETE COMBUSTION COMPANY, P

OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

STEAM-BOILER AND FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 351,338, dated October 19, 1886.

Application filed May 19, 1886. Serial No. 202,631.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, \VTLLIAM S. Post and HOW'ARD DEXV. SxwYER, citizens of the United States, respectively residing at Boston and at Revere, both in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- Boilers and Furnaces; and we do hereby declare that the same are fully described in the following specification, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

This invention is in the nature ofan improvement on that set forth in'our Letters Patent No. 299,578, dated June 3, 1884, for steamboilers and furnaces.

I11 our-former invention, as described, an oblique water-grate extended from a hollow hearth to a depending water-leg having an oblique branch below the grate. The function of these parts was twofold-one being to expose a large amount of water to the action of the heat, while the other was the consumption of the smoke and gases and their utilization as fuel by causing them to pass through the fire.

Our present invention modifies this construction so far as to make the deflectingbarrier V- shaped, or wider at top than at bottom, where by the circulation is materially improved, and the steam generated is free to rise into the steanrspace above the water-line.

Our improvements also include provision for lateral draft into the body of fuel in the fire-pot, through a series of perforations admitting the air in jets. They also include a perforated pipe for supplying oxygen to the fines, so as to promote the combustion of the gases therein and the production of steam. "hey further include means for directing the caloric current first through the lower horizontal tubular dues, and for afterward returning it through the higher ones.

Our invention consists in the devices and combinations of devices set forth in the appended claims.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a vertical longitudinal section through a locomotive-boiler provided with our improvements, and Fig. 2 a similar view of a stationary boiler.

(No model.)

Ais the fire-box, and B theash-box and gasburning chamber.

O is the hollow water-containing hearth, preferably placed at about the inclination shown, and D the grate, about equally inclined in the opposite direction. As a protection against the extreme heat of the incandescent fuel and the downward current of ignited gases, this grate is made tubular, with a constant flow of water through it from a suitable source of supply, such as the hollow side walls or the hearth and deflector afford.

F F is the hollow V-shaped. deflecting-barrier, extending from near the bottom of the combustion-chamber upwardly, with its sides gradually diverging to the top of the fire-box, of which it forms the rear end. This construction of the barrier presents its upper part in an oblique position, forming a deflector for the caloric current, about as the drawings indicate, and the divergence of the sides of this waterleg and barrier gives a free circulation to the water contained in it and abundant clearance for the steam generated in the grate and water- 7 the angle shownthat is, at a right angle to Q the deflecting-wall of the waterleg from the hearth G to the deflector F, and be supported by them removably. The barrier may be supported centrally by a column, or may rise from a flat arch, giving passage beneath it for the caloric current to enter the vertical flue K.

G is asimilar deflector, extending from the part F obliquely beneath and about parallel with the grate D, so as to throw the descend ing current of flame and gases backward and downward against the hollow water-containing wall H and bottom I of the COlllbllSlJlullchamber. By reason of the downward and indirect draft through this chamber B, and the consumption and detention of gases therein, a powerful heat is evolved.

The man-hole and ash-doorU are formed below the hearth O in the front wall of the combustion-chamber B, and the oblique waterleg G extends from the leg F toward said door, so that ashes or other deposit may be removed from its inclined surface by opening said door,

thus giving far greater efficiency to the caloric current impinging on the leg G.

' We employat the front of the fire-box the fuel-door T, and below it and on each side of said box aseries of small draft openings,against and above which the fuel may be piled, so that a lateral draft into the body of fuel is obtained. It is foundin practice that through such openings between the upper and lower surfaces of the fuel, jets of air thus admitted and penetrating the body of the fire produce intense heat by'the instant ignition of the combustiblegases as they are liberated. The draw- .ings show for this purpose a series of perforations, V, arranged laterally just above the grate. These perforations may be hollow staybolts through the sides of the fire-box, extending somewhat into the fire; or a perforated tube may be employed along the sides to introduce the lateral air-jets.

bustible elements of the gases below the grate, we'introduce, through the heated chamber B into the mouth of the flue K, an air-pipe, P, perforated at its inner end, to throw jets of fresh air heated in its passage through the pipe, into the gaseous current, so that as a flame it may pass through the fiues M of the boiler, and its heating capacity be thus largely increased. The amount of air thus introduced is limited, so as not to conflict with the draft through the fire-box, upon which the consumption of the coal and the liberation of thegases depend.

Another feature of our improvements is the reversal of the caloric current through a portion of the tubular flues of the boiler, that the entire current may traverse the boiler two or three times. This is accomplished by the employment of a diaphragm, Q, in the flue K, cutting ofi the current from the upper fines and directing it through the lower ones to the front end of the shell, where it is turned back through a higher series of tubes. Fig. 2 shows this return through the series of tubes to the funnel R, while Fig.1, having the stack S at the front end, returns the current by a diaphragm, Q, through the central series of flues, and it finds exit, after another reversal, through the tion deliver air in jets through perforations at the front end of such flue.

We claim as our invention 1. In a steam-boiler or furnace provided with a water-grate, D, through which a downward draft is maintained, the fire-box A, having the fuel-door T above the grate, and the combustion-chamber B, having the man-hole (See Fig. 1.)

i or ash-door U in its front wall below the grate, 1 in combination with theV-shaped or upward- Q l y-diverging water-leg F F, with its oblique j deflecting portion G extending beneath the grate toward said door U, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

To promote the combustion of all the com- 2. The fire-box,the combustion-chamber and the depending unperforated water-leg F F, in i combination with the water-grate D, communicating with said water-leg, the fire-box hav- Zing immediately above the grate a series of minute draft-openings, V, serving to admit numerods jets of fresh air into the body of fuel and below the upper surface thereof, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

WILLIAM s. POST. HOWARD DE w. sA YER.

Witnesses:

A. H. SPENCER, I O. G. KEYES. 

